National Elk Refuge

Introduction to the National Elk Refuge

The National Elk Refuge was established due to the forward-looking vision of the original homesteaders in the valley. The town of Jackson and its road networks were initially built on migration pathways that were essential for elk survival. Recognizing the impending crisis in 1912, the homesteaders, with the help of Congress, set aside a vast area of grasslands, wetlands, and forests on the valley floor next to town, dedicated to wildlife.

Wildlife at the Refuge

Spanning nearly 25,000 acres, the National Elk Refuge serves as a winter sanctuary for various wildlife including elk, bison, wolves, bighorn sheep, trumpeter swans, and bald eagles. Travelers highly recommend visiting Jackson Hole to witness this spectacular display of wildlife. However, timing is key, as elk migrate to and from the refuge based on winter severity, mainly concerning snow depth. The optimal viewing period is from October to April, as, during summer, elk migrate to higher elevation habitats.

Visitor Guidelines and Viewing Options

Entry onto the refuge is restricted year-round without a special permit (for hunting or fishing). Despite this, there are ample opportunities for wildlife viewing from outside the fence. Guided horse-drawn sleigh rides, which travelers routinely recommend, offer a closer look at the herds. Additionally, the viewing platform next to the Bridger Teton National Forest visitor center on North Cache Street provides excellent vistas. In winter, Elk Refuge Road behind Miller Butte is open for a few miles and usually allows sightings of the bighorn sheep herd. Visitors must remain on the road and are prohibited from stepping onto refuge land. During the summer, the refuge is largely empty as animals migrate up into the mountains and northward, yet it remains a picturesque, undeveloped area between the town and Grand Teton National Park.

Hours of Operation

The National Elk Refuge, located between the north end of Jackson, Grand Teton National Park, and Bridger Teton National Forest, can be viewed from various observation points year-round. It is accessible daily from sunrise to sunset. Visitors are strictly forbidden to step onto the refuge without special hunting or fishing permits. The visitor center, located in the Greater Yellowstone Visitor Center, is open year-round from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Here, guests can sign up for guided tours and explore educational exhibits.

Tickets and Admission

Admission to the Visitor Center is free. However, a fee is charged for sleigh rides: Adults pay $38, and children between the ages of 5 and 12 pay $23. For more information about the National Elk Refuge, visitors can check its official website.